大揭秘！母乳中有哪些营养成分？What’s in 1L of Human Milk？

点击上方 国际母乳会LLL 设为星标，获取哺乳信息

1L母乳中含有哪些营养成分？

70克碳水化合物

46克脂肪

13克蛋白质

300毫克钙

2毫克铁

480微克维生素A

750卡热量

0.2毫克硫胺素（维生素B1）

0.4毫克核黄素（维生素B2）

40毫克维生素C

2毫克烟酸

母乳的产量差异很大，但对于5周到6个月大的纯母乳喂养的婴儿来说，通常每天摄入为650~1000毫升或以上。母乳中包含的营养物质来自于您体内的储备以及所吃的食物。

母乳妈妈之间的母乳成分非常一致。母乳的脂肪含量在母乳妈妈间略有不同，更有可能受到母亲食用的脂肪类型的影响。碳水化合物、蛋白质、钙和铁的含量不会有太大变化，即使母亲的饮食中缺乏这些营养素。

然而，如果母乳妈妈的饮食中缺少硫胺素（维生素B1）、维生素A和维生素C，那么她的乳汁中生成这些营养素的量会较少。

一般来说，如果一位哺乳期女性的营养状况非常差，最有可能的影响就是她的奶量会减少。而母乳质量所受的影响要小得多。

目前在中国，很少有女性的营养水平会如此之差，以至于严重影响其母乳的质或量。

重要的是要知道母乳的主要成分——脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物——为您的宝宝提供了营养和保护。您的乳汁不仅含有可赋予宝宝额外免疫力的细胞，而且对于宝宝自身免疫系统的正常发育也至关重要。

本文中母乳的营养数据来自联合国粮食及农业组织《发展中国家的人类营养》2022年7月更新。

来源：母乳会亚洲和中东

欢迎各位妈妈及相关机构使用母乳vs配方奶对比表，使用请注明版权所属：国际母乳会。标注来源，不可转卖。

What’s in 1L of Human Milk

Breastmilk volume varies widely, but for fully breastfed babies between 5 weeks and 6 months of age, it is often 650 ml to 1000 ml or more per day. The nutrients present in your milk come from the reserves in your body and from the food you eat.

Human milk has a remarkably consistent composition between nursing parents. The fat content of breastmilk varies somewhat between breastfeeding mothers and is more likely affected by the types of fats a mother eats. The carbohydrate, protein, calcium and iron contents do not change much even if the mother is short of these in her diet.

A nursing parent whose diet is deficient in thiamine and vitamins A and C, however, produces less of these in her milk. In general, if a lactating woman has very poor nutrition the most likely effect is that her milk supply will be reduced. The quality of the milk is much less affected. Very few women in China would have a level of nutrition so poor that it would significantly affect the quality or quantity of their milk.

It’s important to know that the main ingredients of human milk – fats, proteins and carbohydrates – provide your baby with both nutrition and protection. Your milk not only has cells to give your baby extra immunity, but it is essential for the normal development of your baby’s own immune system.

This nutritional data of human milk comes from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Human Nutrition in the Developing World.

Updated July 2022